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Riding the Third Wave

Self-Determination and Self-Advocacy in the 21st Century

Self-Determination Projects at the Beach Center on Families and Disability at the University of Kansas

Hank Bersani

Department of Special Education at Western Oregon University

Ray Gagne

Keystone Service Providers

The importance of self-determination and self-advocacy to the field of mental retardation has become increasingly evident. This article examines the three "waves" of the disability movement: the professional, parent, and self-advocacy waves. From the perspective of both professionals and a person with a disability, we examine the current circumstances for people with disabilities in relation to control and choice in their lives, examine the development of the self-advocacy movement, and, finally, identify issues that will be important to address in the future.

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 15, No. 2, 106-115 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/108835760001500206


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